Detailed SDPC mark specifications for each sample, including all measurements listed in the Mark Requirements section
A meta-analysis showed that among adolescent and young adult never-smokers, e-cigarette use was associated with increased odds of initiation of combustible cigarette smoking (odds ratio [OR] 3.50, 95% CI, 2.38-5.16, P = 0.03).[15] Another study showed similar results (adjusted OR [aOR] 6.8, 95% CI, 1.65-28.25).[16] This association was further supported by Azagba and colleagues,[17] who used data from the 201617 CSTADS to demonstrate that Canadian students who used an e-cigarette for more than 21 of the past 30 days had increased odds of both trying combustible cigarettes (aOR 4.83, 95% CI, 3.33-7.01) and smoking regularly (aOR 3.39, 95% CI, 2.16-5.34)
15,16,23,3134 Thirdly, plain packaging can only work as an enabling structural element whose efficiency depends upon structural integration with taxation systems, improved health messages, strict processes of implementation, and easily accessible facilities related to abstinence
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